What was chinese cultural revolution




















MORE Poster titled "Proletarian revolutionary rebels unite" source In June middle schools and universities throughout the country closed down as students devoted all their time to Red Guard activities. Millions of these young students were encouraged to attack "c ounterrevolutionaries" and criticize those in the party who appeared to have deviated from Maoist thought.

Below is a painting of a young "Red Guard" participating in the campaign. The big characters on the board read "Field for Criticism. Why do you think the artist chose to include Mao's image in this poster? Why do you think the artist chose this particular color scheme? Young Red Guard source. Poster titled "Proletarian revolutionary rebels unite" source. In June middle schools and universities throughout the country closed down as students devoted all their time to Red Guard activities.

Move on to Contemporary Graphic Arts. During this early phase of the Cultural Revolution , President Liu Shaoqi and other Communist leaders were removed from power. Beaten and imprisoned, Liu died in prison in With different factions of the Red Guard movement battling for dominance, many Chinese cities reached the brink of anarchy by September , when Mao had Lin send army troops in to restore order.

The army soon forced many urban members of the Red Guards into rural areas, where the movement declined. Amid the chaos, the Chinese economy plummeted, with industrial production for dropping 12 percent below that of He soon used the excuse of border clashes with Soviet troops to institute martial law.

In September , Lin died in an airplane crash in Mongolia, apparently while attempting to escape to the Soviet Union. Members of his high military command were subsequently purged, and Zhou took over greater control of the government. Zhou acted to stabilize China by reviving educational system and restoring numerous former officials to power.

In , however, Mao suffered a stroke; in the same year, Zhou learned he had cancer. The two leaders threw their support to Deng Xiaoping who had been purged during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution , a development opposed by the more radical Jiang and her allies, who became known as the Gang of Four. In the next several years, Chinese politics teetered between the two sides.

Deng regained power in and would maintain control over Chinese government for the next 20 years. Some 1. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.

Chinese students sprung into action, setting up Red Guard divisions in classrooms and campuses across the country. Nearly 1, people lost their lives in Beijing in August and September alone. Workers joined the fray and China was plunged into what historians describe as a state of virtual civil war, with rival factions battling it out in cities across the country. By late Mao realised his revolution had spiralled out of control. He also ordered the army to restore order, effectively transforming China into a military dictatorship, which lasted until about As the army fought to bring the situation under control, the death toll soared.

US president Richard Nixon even toured the country in February in a historic visit that re-established ties between Washington and Beijing. Historians believe somewhere between , and two million people lost their lives as a result of the Cultural Revolution. Perhaps the worst affected region was the southern province of Guangxi where there were reports of mass killings and even cannibalism.

Appalling acts of barbarity also occurred in Inner Mongolia where authorities unleashed a vicious campaign of torture against supposed separatists. Yet contrary to popular belief, the government was responsible for most of the bloodshed, not the Red Guards.



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