Which physical properties are extensive

Their ratio is density, which is an intensive property and a specific property. Other specific properties include specific volume the reciprocal of density , specific heat capacity heat capacity divided by mass , molar volume volume per mole , and specific enthalpy.

The easiest way to tell whether a physical property is intensive or extensive is to take two samples of the same type of matter and combine them. A small amount of matter has the same density, temperature, and hardness as a large amount of the same substance. In contrast, an extensive property is additive. What this means is doubling the size of the sample doubles an extensive property.

So, doubling the sample would make it twice as massive, twice as long, etc. Solid, liquids, and gases : Water can exist in several states, including ice solid , water liquid , and water vapor gas.

Physical properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance. Some examples of physical properties are:. Physical properties : Matter has mass and volume, as demonstrated by this concrete block. You can observe its mass by feeling how heavy it is when you try to pick it up; you can observe its volume by looking at it and noticing its size. Mass and volume are both examples of extensive physical properties. Here are several examples of chemical properties:.

There are two types of change in matter: physical change and chemical change. Many physical changes are reversible such as heating and cooling , whereas chemical changes are often irreversible or only reversible with an additional chemical change. Physical change : Blending a smoothie involves physical changes but no chemical changes.

Another way to think about this is that a physical change does not cause a substance to become a fundamentally different substance but a chemical change causes a substance to change into something chemically new. Blending a smoothie, for example, involves two physical changes: the change in shape of each fruit and the mixing together of many different pieces of fruit.

A physical property is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. Familiar examples of physical properties include density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity. Some physical properties, such as density and color, may be observed without changing the physical state of the matter. Other physical properties, such as the melting temperature of iron or the freezing temperature of water, can only be observed as matter undergoes a physical change.

A physical change is a change in the state or properties of matter without any accompanying change in the chemical identities of the substances contained in the matter. Physical changes are observed when wax melts, when sugar dissolves in coffee, and when steam condenses into liquid water Figure. Other examples of physical changes include magnetizing and demagnetizing metals as is done with common antitheft security tags and grinding solids into powders which can sometimes yield noticeable changes in color.

In each of these examples, there is a change in the physical state, form, or properties of the substance, but no change in its chemical composition. The change of one type of matter into another type or the inability to change is a chemical property. Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, acidity, and many other types of reactivity. Iron, for example, combines with oxygen in the presence of water to form rust; chromium does not oxidize Figure.

Nitroglycerin is very dangerous because it explodes easily; neon poses almost no hazard because it is very unreactive. A chemical change always produces one or more types of matter that differ from the matter present before the change. The formation of rust is a chemical change because rust is a different kind of matter than the iron, oxygen, and water present before the rust formed.

The explosion of nitroglycerin is a chemical change because the gases produced are very different kinds of matter from the original substance. Other examples of chemical changes include reactions that are performed in a lab such as copper reacting with nitric acid , all forms of combustion burning , and food being cooked, digested, or rotting Figure.

Properties of matter fall into one of two categories. Intensive Properties The electrical conductivity of a substance is a property that depends only on the type of substance. Copper wire. Summary An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample.

Mass and volume are examples of extensive properties. Color, temperature, and solubility are examples of intensive properties. Give examples of extensive properties of matter. Give examples of intensive properties of matter.